Abrupt pump stopping is followed by a pressure drop as the water column continues traveling along the line.
The returning column hits the closed pump check valve, creating a high pressure surge wave, which travels at up to 4 Mach.
Eliminating such surge requires anticipation and pre-action.
Surge Anticipating Valves react to the pressure drop, accepting the returning column while already open, thus eliminating the surge.
Maintaining hydraulic balance in water transmission and distribution systems is crucial to system efficiency.
Pressure Reducing Valves help accomplish this by reducing high inlet pressure to a lower constant predetermined delivery pressure.
They are the most commonly used control valves.
For water, waste water, chilled water & many other services, to permit pipelines “flex” a bit. Metallic pipes expand and contract when the ambient (or service) temperatures vary and non-metallic pipes (which may be buried) will move with ground settlement etc. Where probable movement can be envisaged the values are designed by a compensator which can flex, thus avoiding undue pipeline damage. Interesting applications are reservoir inlet/outlet connections, pump connections, differing flange standards either end, axial or angular offset of new to old pipelines. Sizes from DN50 to DN5000 and pressures of PN6 to PN25 on rubber, but the larger sizes would be lower pressure capability.. Higher pressures and temperatures in 316SS.
Solenoid Control Valves are simple electrically activated on/off valves that can be of critical importance in controlling flow in every water system.
The electrical signal used to activate the solenoid can be sent from timers, relays, clocks, pressure, level or flow transmitters, etc.
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